- Cover the Basics
- Currency (in case ATMs die after a disaster)
- Education and (survival?) training
- Giving to Charities
- Money Market / Certificates of Deposit for liquidity
- Home and furnishings
- Diversify among Different Vehicles of Income Producing Assets
You can get a home loan
even if you have bad credit. If mortgage loans are
what you need for your next investment property, consider debt consolidation to qualify.
- Keep Expenses Low
But read this information from the US government on
if your are knee deep in debt.
You single biggest expense is probably your home loan mortgage.
So consider the net savings from
this clever no-cost way of paying it off earlier.
Stock Index futues have a lower transaction cost than ETFs.
ETFs (Exchange Traded Funds) buy all the stocks of a particular target index.
So they don't have the stock-picking expenses of mutual funds.
Before you buy index funds from companies such as Ameriprise,
compare what you are charged to get in and out of the fund,
which can be exorbitant:
At many borkerages such as Schwab, you don't have to pay a front load,
only a redemption charge to take money out after a few months.
Vanguard got big because they charge less for their S&P500 index funds.
Funds also make money by taking small amounts of money out along the way.
(good ratios are less than 0.40).
- Manage Tax Liabilities
To avoid taxes, invest the max. amount in employer 401Ks (up to $12,000 - more if you're over 50).
Current capital-gains tax is 20% (down from 28%).
Use IRA accounts to invest in high-turnover funds.
Put taxable liquid money in government bonds.
Double tax-free bonds are issued for each state.
- Avoid low quality assets
Prefer the best stocks in industries coming off of bottoms.
Good companies have:
- a solid financial position (generates free cash at least equal to the sum of current inflation and interest rates),
- a management that has a stake in the company (buying rather than selling shares).
- a business that is easy to understand, and
- good long-term prospects.
"Value investing" is the startegy of investing in quality assets temporarily underappreciated by the public. But beware -- stock in companies may dip ahead of upcoming nasty announcements.
Peter Lynch says a growth stock is fairly valued as long as its earnings growth rate is greater than its P/E ratio.
Look for companies that have a 1 or lower "PEG" ratio — the company's Price Earnings ratio divided by its annual earnings Growth rate.
- Limit Individual Stocks
A small investment in a high-soaring stock (such as Microsoft, Ebay, Google, etc.)
early in its life can change your lifestyle.
So it makes sense to have some money in such potential.
But the trick is in picking them.
Invest in individual stocks for excitement as topics of conversation, pointing to
framed stock certificates obtained from oneshare
Mutual funds are often closed to new investors because
each mutual fund by law can't own more than 10% of a company.
Prefer stocks that have a “Franchise” - a name brand.
The Arial Fund (ARGBX) buys socially responsible companies — no tobacco companies, casino operators and makers of weapons, beer, and graphic video games.
The Vice Fund (VICEX) focuses on them because people continue spending on them regardless of a recession.
When the price has broken above an old high,
there is no unhappy holders who are waiting to dump the stock.
- Manage the risk-reward ratio
Go for value.
Be careful of going long on a stock with estimated 5-year earnings growth rate of the stock plus dividend
that is higher than the P/E based on next year's earnings estimate.
In the past, markets have peaked around 20 times earnings and
hit a trough around 10 times earnings.
S&P 500 P/Es average reached 46 near the end of the 1999 prior bull market,
23 since 1988, and 18 since 1963.
At the peak of the market in 2000, Nasdaq sold at a multiple of 245 times earnings.
P/E's have been bid up by baby boomers pumping money into the market hoping to make up for lost time.
This will end by 2006 when those born in 1946 begin reaching 70 -- when mandatory withdrawls from IRA accounts begin kicking in.
It takes about 12 years to obtain a 100% return at 6% per year.
It is true that over very long periods stocks have returned on average about 10% a year.
However, of that 10% return, 4% came from dividends.
The dividend yield today is about 1.7%.
To trade on margin (7-9% compounded daily), Federal Reserve Board "Regulation T" requires a minimum initial
deposit of $2,000 and equity percentage of 50%. Each brokers also have a
MMR (minimum maintenance requirement) and list of non-marginable (internet & biotech) stocks.
The
RiskMetrics Group (a 1998 spinoff from J.P. Morgan)
score of risks in individual stocks, indexes and mutual funds
range from 21 for a security that almost never changes in value)
to 22,344, out of the universe of U.S. stocks, based on
price movements over the last 250 trading days,
weighted so the most recent 11 trading days account for 50% of the overall assessment.
- Buy low, sell high
“Be greedy when others are fearful.
Be fearful when others are greedy.”
—Warren Buffet
Buy fundamentally good assets that are temporarily not of general interest
(such as general market gitters that is not related directly to the company).
Buy after the market bottoms. Sell before the peak.
A market is in a bull "rally" mode when current prices are higher than its 20 week average.
Take advantage of anticipated movements up or down with leveraged funds.
GTC (Good Til Cancelled) means forever.
"Fill or Kill" orders minimizes the exposure to slippage
— the movement of the actual price away from the price an order is placed.
A "bear" market occurs when the market is overvalued and inflation and interest rates are rising.
Technically, a bear is confirmed when prices move down below its 20 week average.
This has occurred on the average once every 39 months, or 3.3 years.
- make money with inverse short funds.
- Place limit orders on long positions to protect against price drops.
- Place stop orders on individual stocks as a safety net to protect against
a price rise hurting short positions (borrowed from brokers on margin).
- Segments doing intrinsically better:
- Deep Discount retailers gaining market from luxury brands as population ages?
- NDN - 99 Cents Only
- FDO - Family Dollar Stores
- DLTR - Dollar Tree
- DG - Dollar General
- WALM - Wal-mart
- COST - Costco
- Winn-Dixie
- DENNYS (DNYY)
- Rental & moving
- Auction houses,
Greg Manning Auctions Inc. (GMAI)
CCLT - Collector's Universe
- pawn shops (EXPW - Ezcorp)
- Casinos & Gaming & other legal vices
- Drugs for older
Before sentimentbecomes "recessionary", when prices are feared to rise:
- Focus on commodities, precious metals, real estate, energy stocks, auctions
- Financial corps worth less on fear of higher interest rates because demand for loans is lower as rates rise.
Terrorism has created opportunities in the following:
- Services to help people avoid travel, such as Liverperson, Webex, ePresence
- Security systems and protective services, such as Brinks
When jobs rise, these benefit:
- Employment Services such as Manpower
- Retail
- Buy High, Sell Low with Short Positions
- Avoid Bad Seasons
Date | % Drop |
---|
October 28/29, 1929 | -25.2% |
October 19, 1987 | -22.6% |
October 27, 1997 | -7.2% |
August 31, 1998 | -6.4% |
August 27, 1998 | -4.2% |
September 11, 2001 | -14.3% |
3rd Quarter, 2002 | -17.9% |
The biggest one-day drops on the DJIA historically happened in August,
September, and October — the worst six months (WSM).
The best months for stock market gains has historically been in November
through March — the best 6 months (BSM).
Back-testing has found that
selling all stocks to cash before the MACD signal crossing after April 30
and buying them again on the MACD signal crossing after October 31st
tripled returns while reducing risk (since money is at risk only 49% of the time).
- Sell Early in the Day, Buy Late in the Day
Market makers sometimes open a stock higher than orders justify in order to test the
market and to make extra money with stock held from earlier trades.
Traders for large institutions sometimes attempt to kill a stock price at the end of the day
in order to make themselves look better with
VWAP (pronounced vee-wop) numbers — the Value Weighted Average Price at which the greatest volume of the stock was traded that day.
- Don't Go Down With The Boat Don't "catch a falling sword".
To protect profits, put limit orders to automatically sell a stock when
prices drop to a pre-specified price (such as at 4% below).
A "stop order" is a fixed-activation price order that becomes an active market order
when the price reaches a specified "stop" price.
A "buy stop" becomes an active market buy order when the stock rises to the stop price.
A "sell stop" becomes an active market order when the stock declines to the stop price.
Better yet, participate in the derivatives market to collar
positions.
New issues (IPO shares) can't be shorted during the first 30 days of public trading.
Stocks below $5 can't be shorted.
To prevent a "snowball or "dogpile" in a downward market,
shorts can't be excuted on a downtick when a bid price is lower than the previous price.
Shorts can only be executed on individual stocks after an uptick.
This is why NASDAQ Level II quotes are necessary to see demand drying up.
On the NYSE, "size" -- the number of shares attempting to be bought at the current price,
is shown only on brokerage office screens.
However, stock futures SPY and QQQ are are not subject to the "uptick" rule. This makes shorting
SPY and
QQQ just as easy as going long — a factor critical to short term traders.
Back Test Strategies
The process of finding patterns by "crunching" history is called "back testing."
Use software such as
TradeStation Platform
or Ultra 7.
Note that they do not yet model the effect of transaction fees or use of short funds.
Charting techniques use historical patterns and
statistical analysis to identify predictive indicators of the most likely outcome.