|
How to Use Microsoft ProjectThis page describes how to use Microsoft Project (MSP) to implement the project management strategies described in my project planning documents to managers. Information here distills knowledge and wisdom gleaned from years of usage and studying books, user forums, help files, training documents, videos, etc. All text here is in one large file for quick search through all topics, offered without charge and without generalizations and sales hype. |
|
How SummaryThere are several approaches to understand and make use of this software package to create schedules, calculate costs, and control changes in a project. Technically, Microsoft Project uses a "MVC" (Model View Controller) design pattern. That is, it has a database (model) queried by graphic views (and printed reports) exposing data arranged in tables used to update data. The View > Reports menu presents the various trade-offs Microsoft Project assists with: activities (tasks) assigned as workload by resources associated with costs. Certification exams in Project are structured by process groups standardized by PMBOK: Initiating, Planning, Executing, Controlling, Closing. |
|
Product ScopeMSP helps answer these questions:
When looking at the full scope of Project Management as defined by the PMBOK, MSP does not handle Communications, Procurement, and Risk Management. |
Product BackgroundMicrosoft Project (MSP for short) has evolved over many versions 98, 2000 (9), 2002 (10), 2003 (11), 2007 (12). MSP is managed as part of Microsoft's Office suite. So after installation, click the Windows Start icon, All Programs, and Project is under Microsoft Office among Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Visio, etc.
The product's previous home URL The Standard (standalone) Edition can work with Shared workspaces accessing a Windows SharePoint Services (WSS) via Internet Explorer. The Professional edition can connect to a Project Server which implements Enterprise Project Management (EPM). Microsoft Portfolio Server 2007 provides tools for Benefit Estimates, Strategic Impact analysis, Change Request Management and Issues & Risks Management. More importantly, it integrates project plans within a workflow with email. SDK contains a conceptual topics and managed code reference chm, Reporting Database Schema reference chm, OLAPCubeSchemas.xls of the dimensions, measures, and properties of the 14 Project Server OLAP cubes. Also XML schemas and the ChangeXML parameter for Statusing methods in the Project Server Interface (PSI). Project Server 2007 Resource Kit How to Leverage Project Server 2007 with PerformancePoint Server 2007 Monitoring and Analytics Visio 2007 WBS Modeler generates MSP plan files or updates (but not move elements) in existing 2003+ plans. Office Project Server 2007 with SP2 Trial Version Updates for Microsoft Office Project 2007 Help Products should reference the terminoloy in the PMI (Project Management Institute) Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), now in its 4th edition. and/or PRINCE2 Training vendor IIL does this, and offers their own "Black Belt" certification like martial arts studios. |
3rd-Party Products making use of Project include:
|
|
Certification in MSProject
Certification in Microsoft Project is now proctored by Prometric and Academic Academies, a part of the same organization certifying developers in general and particularly Microsoft Office products for IT (Visio, SharePoint, Groove, Communications Server, PerformancePoint, etc.). Pass one of these exams and, just as with the MCP (Microsoft Certified Professional) certification program before,get designated a MCTS (Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist). Get the MCITP (Microsoft Certified IT Professional) certification for passing all three of these certification exams:
These are in place of the previous two levels of certification: (core and comprehensive) in 2000 and (basic and expert) in 2002. Each of these 3 hour exams costs $125 USD. These are also available in French, German, Japanese, Castilian Spanish, and Chinese (Simplified). |
|
InstallationTo avoid annoying defaults, select "Customize" during initial installation or "Add or Remove Features" from Start, Settings, Control Panel, Add/Remove Programs.
Full menusWhile you're in the Toolbar "Customize..." pop-up, let me note something that is difficult to find. Click the Options tab and uncheck "Menus show recently used commands first" and check "Show shortcut keys in ScreenTips".
Global Configuration FileIn the Options menu, clicking "Set as Default" is accomplished by saving changes in the Global.mpt file installed by Microsoft Project on each computer. In my Vista it's C:\Users\W\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\MSProject\11\1033. This file may be edited using the menu Tools, Organizer utility. This file is copied to new projects.In an enterprise environment, in menu Tools > Organizer, Global (non-cached Enterprise) augments the normal Global.MPT container file when connected to a Microsoft Project Server. This second container provides access to default objects, especially extra views created by the enterprise project office that typically have a name that starts with the word "Enterprise". It is the same for all users in the same enterprise.
| Project File ViewersDon't have MS Project installed?Microsoft doesn't offer a viewer like it does for Office products. But third party developers do have tools to just look at a Project file: Steelray offers a simplified GUI (on Mac and Linux too) by enabling navigation by clicking on data. Housatonic Project Viewer Central has a pay-per-view payment option. Project Reader for $39/$46 Project Viewer for $113 can link to SAP R/3 Twiddlebit can convert MPP files to/from PLN files used by the Twiddlebit Plan software running on a Nokia 9300/9500 phone. |
|
Preparations for Printing
Stop wasting paperIn File, Page Setup, uncheck "Print Blank pages".
Switch to a chattier printer iconClicking on this default print icon sends one copy of the entire document with all of the default print settings to the default printer immediately after you click it.To be able to choose the printer, number of copies, etc. after clicking on the printer icon (instead of pulling down File, Print...):
Before Printing
|
Microsoft Office Project 2007 Inside Out (Microsoft Press © 2007, 1104 pages) by Teresa S. Stover and Bonnie Biafore ISBN:9780735623279 Microsoft Office Project 2003 Inside Out (Microsoft Press, 2003, 1152 pages) by Teresa S. Stover |
|
View > Headers and FootersEvery view is updated with this (using a VBA Macro):
Header Left 1st line: &[View] | &[Report] | &[Filter] Alt+Enter was pressed to force a line break within headers and footers. This explanation in the Project Plan document coincides with the setup actions above.
Each view has been setup with a common set of headers and footers so that one can quickly determine where to go for a reprint of that page. |
|
Project Plan Views
|
|
Views & Tables by ScreenViews on the menu assigned by Microsoft/by default (after installation) are in shown in bold.
|
|
Gantt Charts
Invented by Henry Gantt (1861-1919) while planning the construction of U.S. Navy ships during WWI, the Gantt chart uses stacks of horizontal bars to show the timing of tasks along a time-line running from left to right. The position of a task bar marks its starting date. The length of each task bar represents its duration -- the longer the bar, the longer the task will take. Custom Gantt ChartsThis project uses custom "Edit Gantt" and "Summary Gantt" views created by copying the default "Gantt Chart" view. These custom views make use of custom Table (field column) definitions and filters.A Legend is not printed on Gantt charts to save room. Gantt Chart shortcut keys to scroll...
To move the timescale to the task selected, press Ctrl + Shift + F5. If "Autolink inserted or moved tasks" is active (selected) in Tools > Options, when a task in the middle of dependent tasks is cut (using Ctrl+X), MS Project automatically adds new dependencies to link its predecessor to its successor.
Summary Gantt ViewThe Timescale format in our Summary Gantt is zoomed out to Months in the Middle Tier and Weeks in the Bottom Tier (rather than default Weeks and Days).Specific lower-level milestones and tasks (such as the current critical items) are shown on the Summary Gantt. This is achieved by adding field flag8 to our Summary Gantt table, and a "Summary" filter (in Project > Filter) has an added "or" referencing that field. Tracking Gantt ViewThe Tracking Gantt view is used to review progress versus plan.Gantt Task BarsThe thin black line in the middle of task bars represent percentage complete. If a partially completed task is rescheduled, the duration remaining can be split from past Duration. This is done using the Reschedule Work icon on the Tracking toolbar. That's if the Tools, Options, Schedule tab, Split in-progress tasks box is checked and the Tools, Options Reschedule uncompleted tasks to start after.Vertical Progress LinesZigzag Progress Lines optionally shown on Gantt Charts illustrate the Finish Variance (how far ahead or behind) for each task. It is specified in menu Tools, Tracking, Progress Lines. |
|
Basic Field Names
Every task has hundreds of fields. These are the most commonly used: Rename fields in Tools, Customize, Fields. But doing so would make default field names disappear, which could be frustrating for those accustomed to them. If you are a Project Central user, you have to also redefine them in the SQL database. If you export files, you must use the Project Organizer to use the Global.mpt list (converted from Global80.mpt in Project 98). | Shelly Cashman Spiral-bound booksMicrosoft Office Project 2003 Step by Step (Microsoft Press 2003) by Carl Chatfield, Timothy Johnson, Carl Chatfield, Timothy Johnson is good as an introduction. Updated from 2002 and 2000 Microsoft's Project 2007 Solution Center Download the Microsoft Office Project 2007 Service Pack 1 (SP1) |
|
Entry of Tasks, Milestones, Deadlines, and DeliverablesMilestones by default appear as black diamonds automatically for any task with a zero duration or manually set. Milestone names, such as "System AA smoke tested in Staging" are verifiable events which start with a deliverable object and end with a verb in perfect tense (completed past tense) such as completed, delivered, handed over, sent, finished, published, sent, shipped, received, signed off, approved, etc. Task names also start with a deliverable object, so that they line up with their milestone, followed by an action verb. Deadlines (marked by a downward arrow) are added in a Task's Information screen. They are soft dates (such as a go/no go point) does not affect replanning. If a deadline is missed, an exclaimation point icon appears in the Indicators column. WBS - Work Breakdown StructuresThe WBS field is automatically calculated. It has a set of 10 corresponding read-only fields Outline_Code1...10 which identifies each level of the tree-like WBS.At the highest level are phases of the project. Under each phase are milestones that define accomplishments and tasks that lead up to them. The WBS is used to accumulate costs using the logical hierarchy of progressively more detailed portions of the high-level deliverable. To output the WBS as an Organizaton Chart within Visio, activate the Analysis toolbar and click "Visio WBS Chart Wizard". Invoke "1. Apply Task Selection View" once. This creates, then places you in a new "Visio WBS Chart Task Selection" view using a new "VisioWBSChart" Table that renames Flag1 to a field named "Include in WBS Chart?". You can change the value in this field to Yes for all tasks you want only some tasks to appear in the Visio chart. Otherwise, select "2. Launch Wizard". Click OK to the confirmation pop-up. If you get an error, try openning Visio before doing the above.
The 2003 version positions tasks randomly rather than in sequence.
This is why some buy the |
|
NavigationEnter it in the Advanced tab after opening up the Task Information dialog from pressing Shift + F2 or right-click on the task. To select an entire column, press Ctrl + space bar or click on a column heading. To select an entire row, press Shift + space bar or click on the grey row ID. Expand or contract summary tasks by pressing Alt + Shift + [-] or [+]. |
|
Right-Click Instead of ToolBar IconsI think that it's quicker to use a mouse rather than looking for toolbar icons or keys on the keyboard.
Toolbar buttons also available from a mouse right-clickRemove from the Standard toolbar icons for functions which are more easily available from right-clicking a cell -- Cut Cell, Copy Cell, Paste, Insert Hyperlink, Task Information, Task Notes, Font name and size.You can also get rid of the Outdent, Indent, Show Subtasks, and Hide Subtasks toolbar icons if you right-click on the task after you select the entire row (by clicking on the grey area at the very left edge of the screen). This action makes room for the View and Report drop-down menus. These show 12 items at a time, but they can't be selectively included and excluded by you like menu items.
Always Display Full MenusBy default, not all menu items are displayed. So check "Always show full menus" in View > Toolbar > Customize > Options tab.
Instead of Big View bar iconsThe default view bar at the left has such big icons that it only accomodates at most 8 of the 24 views provided by default. Get rid of them by right-clicking on it and uncheck "Viewbar". Now right-click on the blue bar and you still get a list of views!Instead of exposing the "Management" toolbar buttons, select More Views, "Task Entry" View, Edit..., check "Show in menu", then OK. Do this again for the "Resource Allocation" view. | . |
|
ToolBar Icons That ARE UsefulCustom FormsFrom View, Toolbars, select Custom Forms.Drag it to the upper right corner, where you'll have instant access to text input forms.
Add Other Forms IconsIn the Toolbar Customize "All commands" categories, drag this icon named "ResourceAssignment" to the Custom Forms toolbar. | Comparison of Toolbars and Keyboard Shortcuts asssigned by Microsoft |
|
Use of Fields in a Microsoft Project
I put this documentation in Project Plan Word documents so that as I work with a project, I can remember how each optional field is used. This also helps if several Project files you ever need to be consolidated together.
|
|
TablesConfiguring TablesTo create a custom Table from an existing table: Click View, Table, More Tables, Copy, type your new Table name, make changes described below, click OK.To create a custom View from an existing view: Click View, More views, Copy, type your new View name, make changes, click OK.
|
|
|
by TableViews on the menu assigned by Microsoft/by default (after installation) are in shown in bold.
|
|
Filters
The manu is listed alphabetically:
To get rid of filtering, press F3.
| A particular filter may be useful at verious points during a project. Planning a project,
Linked Fields Created After... Task Range... Working a project,
Incomplete Tasks Managing project schedule,
Summary Tasks Milestones Critical Slipping Tasks Tasks with Deadlines Date Range... Should Start By... Should Start/Finish By... Shipped/Late Progress Unstarted Tasks Evaluating project cost,
Cost Overbudget Work Overbudget Closing a project,
Confirmed Unconfirmed Update Needed |
|
Don't Filter During InputMicrosoft Project inserts new tasks under the task that is highlighted. When a schedule has a filter applied, new tasks are added under a subtask that is not visible. So they could end up anywhere.Dan Kegel notes that "I've seen subtasks end up attached to the end of my cat's nose (and the cat did not appreciate it)." Advice:
In Tools > Options > General, "Set AutoFilter on for new project" is unchecked by default because most start typing into a new project. General, filtering should be OFF when inputting data. |
|
Dependencies: The Linkage Among Tasks
This is added to my Project Plan document: This project plan uses values in the Unique ID field (instead of the ID field) because Unique ID values are retained when new tasks are added. Consequently, references to Predecessor and Successor fields in this document actually refer to the Unique ID Predecessor, and Unique ID Successor fields. The most typical task relationship is sequential (finish-to-start). To set a task to start after another task (45) finishes, enter the ID number of that previous task in its Predecessor field:
MSP removes the "FS" because that is the default. SF links can be created by selecting the predecessor, holding down Ctrl while clicking successors. The "+5d" adds a 5 day waiting time (lag) that creates a gap. Alternately, a -40% creates negative lead time call a partial dependency because the predecessor overlaps part of its successor. Entries in the Predecessor field automatically appear in the Successor field of the referenced task. To set a task (such as ordering ingredients) one week before another task (47), use the SF (Start-to-Finish) in its Predecessor field:
To set a task that should be done near the end, when the referenced task (49) is nearly finished (such as training or shipping), use FF (Finish to Finish) in the Predecessor field:
To define a parallel task (such as an observer) that will automatically be set to start when another task (49) starts, specify a SS (Start-to-Start) in its Predecessor field:
You have to mannually make sure both tasks have the same duration. Hammock TasksInstead of specifying predecessors and successors, a task can automatically determine its own duration. Like a real hammock, whose shape is determined by the distance between the points to which it is attached, create "Hammock Task" (KB 141733) or Level Of Effort (LOE) task by pasting linked dates using Paste Special:
Press the F9 function key twice to recalculated these dates. |
Instead of many links to the "Go-live" milestone, a vertical line is added so that it moves as the project is rescheduled. It is inserted using the Insert, Drawing function, Line option, and drawn on the screen. Then double-click on the vertical line to open the Format Drawing form, select the Size & Position tab, select the Task ID to attach the line, and the relative position to the bar. |
|
Network Diagrams (PERT Charts)
PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) uses three Duration estimates for each task: Optimistic (O), Most Likely (ML), and Pessimistic (P). The Expected Duration is derived from a weighted formula: (O + 4 * ML + P) / 6. enables "what-if" analysis by To un-hide 23 PERT Views hidden by default, enable the Analysis toolbar (right-click on the grey toolbar), click "PERT Analysis". Also enable the "PERT Analysis" toolbar. Now in More Views, there should be: The flow of tasks are illustrated by presenting each task as a box linked by dependency lines. This format illustrates the critical path of tasks which, if delayed, will cause the entire project to be delayed. By default: A parallelogram represents a summary task. A rectangle represents a detail task. A hexagon represents a milestone. Red (instead of blue) borders surround critical tasks. A0N (PDM) = Activity-on-Node (Precedence Diagramming Method) uses node boxes to depict activities. This is more popular than A0A (ADM) = Activity-on-Arrow (Arrow Diagramming Method) uses arrows to depict activities. |
$199 PERT Chart Expert is an add-on tool that lays out the PERT chart.
|
|
Split Panes and Multiple Windows
To see several panes display diffenent views of the same project file (such as a Gantt Chart on the top pane and a Resource Graph or Usage Table in a bottom pane): To switch among several views quickly using Ctrl+Tab:
|
Full version of Adobe Acrobat to merge several reports output to a pdf writer or use SnagIt or other screen capture program to copy screens to Excel or Word to create a combined report. |
|
Printing Output to Other Microsoft Office Apps
Copy Picture to Office Wizard
If you get "(Automation error Library not registered. -2147319779)", open the application and try again.
Output to AccessIn menu File > Save As, the "Save as Type" had "Microsoft Access Database *.mdb" until MSP 2007. One can then open the Microsoft Access Database, in menu "File", "Get External Data", "Link Tables", specify the Microsoft Project Database mdb file, menu Tables, "All".This sample SQL creates a simple task list:
SELECT MSP_TASKS.TASK_START_VAR, MSP_TASKS.TASK_IS_SUMMARY, MSP_TASKS.TASK_OUTLINE_LEVEL, MSP_TASKS.TASK_START_DATE, MSP_TASKS.TASK_FINISH_DATE, MSP_TASKS.TASK_NAME, MSP_TASKS.TASK_PCT_COMP FROM MSP_TASKS
Visual ReportsNew since MSP 2007: View > Visual Reports to output Visio or Excel PivotTable or PivotChart.
|
|
|
New Project
Automatically open last project
Use TemplatesLike cooking, rather than start a new blank file, it's easier to copy and adapt an existing .MPP file or a Project template file (extension .MPT).From Microsoft On-Line or your PMO, add to the 29 templates installed in your Computer's folder at:
"1033" is Microsoft's Locale ID for the US-English language. The "Project Templates" tab displays the Title text from each file's Properties.
|
|
|
Resource ViewsWe prefer to specify the names of project team members using shorter Resource Initial (such as "JohnS") rather than ful Resource Name (such as "John Smith"). Instead of commas used addresses in Outlook, Resource Names contain nicknames, full first, and then last name. This makes a specific resource earier to find. (MSP uses the comma as the list separator to separate multiple entries in the same field.)
Resource "Export Table" map (Resource Export Table report),
which presents most fields associated with each resource
The "Scheduled Work" field in the map is named "Work" in the database. If fields Windows_User_Account and Workgroup are populated, they should be added to this map. |
|
Resource Sheet ViewThe large number of fields makes it necessary to use project filter to view various sets of fields within the Resource Sheet, which lists participants in the project and their attributes (group membership, rates, etc.).Because if a resource is entered that doesn't already exist, MSP creates a new resource entry (without issuing an error message), the list of resources must be audited using the project filter "Using Resource..." or "Using Resource in Date Range...". View > Table (Resource) Entry
|
|
Resource Rate Dynamically Linked from Excel SpreadsheetsA black triangle in the bottom right-hand corner marks each cell which obtains its value from an Excel spreadsheet used to calculate the value.Each linkage is established simply by using menu Edit, Paste Special, Paste Link, Text Data. We set Microsoft Project (in Tools > Options) to always ask whether to update automatic links every time the project file is opened so that linked values such as Standard Rate and Overtime Rate are not shown when disconnnected from the corporate network or viewed by those withoug the Excel sheet. View > Table (Task/Resource) Hyperlink Table
|
|
Resource and Base CalendarsTo manage Resource Availability (who are active on specific days):Standard calendars are used to recognize public and corporate holidays applicable to everyone in the project. Base calendars are used to recognize different set of holidays in different countries. Resource calendars are used to recognize individuals' vacation and personal time off. Custom calendars are created in menu Tools > Change Working Time > Create New Calendar. The Calendar is printed from View, Report (Edit in 2000– 2003), Reports..., Overview, Working Days. Consolidated ResourcesA pool of interchangeable resources. Material resourcesFor scheduling facilities, machines, etc.: View Table (Resource) "Entry - Material Resources"
View > Table (Resource) "Entry - Work Resources" does not include "Material Label".
Resource UtilizationThe Resource Sheet view details the amount of Work for each resource over time, summarized by the Resource Graph report of percentage under/overallocation during each time period.A Resource Bar graph shows resource allocation, cost, or work over time for a single resource or group of resources. View > Table (Resource) Summary
View > Table (Resource) Usage
|
|
|
Assignments = Who Does What = Responsiblity Assignment Matrix (RAM)MSP doesn't create a matrix, but you can export map "Who Does What" Assignments report.
View > Table (Resource) Work Table
View > Table (Task) Work Table
Notice that the %" Work Complete" column on the Resource Table is in a different position than the Task Table.
|
|
Tables
This alphabetical list from menu View > Tables link to the discussion how they are used.
View > Table (Task) Cost Table (used by Views and Reports)
This is exported using the "Cost data by task" data map (internally titled the "Task Cost Table") Note: Resource tables exclude fields "Fixed Cost", Cost ("Total Cost"), and "Fixed Cost Accural" (e.g., "Prorated" method, etc.). View > Table (Task) Delay Table
View > Table (Task) Entry Table used by Views
View > Table (Task) Entry Table used by Reports contain two more fields
View > Table (Task) Rollup Table
View > Table (Task) Schedule Table
View > Table (Task) Summary Table used by Views
View > Table (Task) Summary Table used by Crosstab Reports Cash Flow (by Task across time periods) and Task Usage(hours) also contains the Duration field
|
|
|
Duration Fields
|
|
Schedule Fields
|
|
Work_ContourThe Work_Contour field identifies the assignment timephased level contour used.The 8 predefined contours (installed by default) divide time into 10 segments of equal duration. The graphic below illustrates percentage values in the contour definition table.
Edited contours can have a user-defined number of segments, each with a different duration. Segment durations are automatically changed when the duration is changed. |
|
Automatic Adjustments by Fixed Task Type Selection
2 days * 3 people [100%] = 6 man-days Duration * Units per Time Period = Work When the value of any one of these fields changes, the value of another field in the formula must be changed to keep the equation in balance. The illustration at right shows what Microsoft does by default if in Tools, Options, Schedule "Fixed Units" remains the Task Type (illustrate by thick circles). The Task Type of each type can set in the Advanced tab of the task's Information dialog. "X" marks the field changed by the user. The thick arrows point to what the application automatically changes. The field fixed as the Task Type is not automatically changed. So by default a change to the Work field changes the Duration and a change to the Duration field changes the Work field's value. With MSP, a "unit" is the percentage a resource expends while working on a task. For example, TaskA[50%]. Fixing Units is like saying there is a limited number of specialist resource time available. If Units is fixed and it is changed, the Duration is adjusted. Setting "Fixed Duration" is like saying the schedule is firm and more people or effort will be added to make the date. Summary tasks always behave this way. Setting "Fixed Work" is like saying the budget is fixed. For example, a task of 1 week duration is assigned a resource working [100%]. When the duration is doubled, the unit assigned to the resource will be automatically re-assigned to work 50% of the time over 2 weeks so that he continues to work (charge) just 40 hours. If "Fixed Duration" is selected, changes to the Duration field will cause Work to be adjusted. If "Fixed Work" is selected, changes to the Work field will cause Duration to be adjusted. "Fixed Work" causes "Effort driven" behavior such that when a resource is removed from a task, MSP ensures that the Task Effort assigned to that task is maintained by automatically adjusting values for other other resources also assigned to that task. Similarly, assigning another resource to help on a task under "Fixed Work" will cause lower dedication by resources already assigned. |
|
Relationship Diagram and Task DriverIf a task has more than one predecessor, only one of the predecessors is the Driving Relationship which determines the task's Early Start date. Starting from the Microsoft Project 2007 Standard toolbar, selecting "Task Drivers" reveals the driving predecessor and whether the schedule has been Resource Leveled and the effects of leveling.
The Change highlighting (first available in Project 2007) can be disabled in View, Hide Change Highlighting (View, Show Change Highlighting). |
|
Earned Value Management (EVM)
It is difficult to accurately define the scope of work, the tasks, the resources needed, and their rate — all before a project starts. But define we must because some number is needed to specify the number (and skills) of people recruited onto the project. Earned Value calculations begin from an estimate of the final cumulative cost (budget) of the project — what the cumulative cost of the project is supposed to be when the "% complete" of the project eventually reaches 100% (when the project scope is accomplished). This datum is call Budget At Completion (BAC). |
|
BaselinesThe BAC is also called "Baseline Cost" because the purpose of Earned Value is to guage variation from a baseline.The set of baseline fields are created in menu Tools, Tracking, Save Baseline. The resulting calculations can be seen using Table (Task) "Baseline"
|
|
Earned Value Report
The abbreviations:
A = Actual C = Cost W = Work P = Performed S = Scheduled V = Variance AC = At Completion Baselines Over TimeThe planned pattern of spending against the BAC total over time is presented in the series of data points during the life of the project called the Planned Value (PV) or Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled (BCWS) stored in the 10 sets of baseline field provided by Microsoft Project.The various sets of baselines can be compare to each other in menu Report Baseline Comparison . Values for any set of periods can be captured and accumulated outside MS Project in an Excel spreadsheet such as this. |
|
Earned Value Over Time Report (Graph)
To determine how well a project is going, the PV (BCWS) is compared against two other series of data accumulated during the same time: The sample EV graph here illustrates a project the is unfortunately too typical: starting slower than planned (resources being more difficult to obtain), then getting more efficient at the Status Date during the middle of the project, but is projected to end up overspending (with overtime, etc.) during the a dash for completion. Earned Value VariancesThe EV approach separates problems with rates of pay from problems with the number of hours worked on the project.
|
|
Estimate and Variance At CompletionThe amount what the total project is now expected to "Cost" is the Estimate At Completion (EAC), also called the Latest Revised Estimate (LRE). It is the total of the Actual costs (ACWP) incurred up to the report date (the historical "sunk cost") plus projected costs for remaining work.The projected costs for remaining work ETC (Estimate To Complete) is calculated from EAC - AC. Comparing the EAC against the original BAC yields the VAC (Variance At Completion) which provides an early warning of "how bad it will get at the end if we keep this up". The Schedule Performance Index (SPI) = EV / PV. The Complete Performance Index (TCPI) = EV / AC.
The To Complete Performance Index (TCPI) = (BAC - EV) / (BAC - AC) |
|
|
Actual Percent Complete
There are several percentage completion fields:
% Complete (percent complete) for each task is calculated from dividing Remaining Duration by the (planned) Duration. The Remaining Duration is ignored in normal calculations. % Complete is also used to proportionately automatically update Fixed Costs. The % Work Complete field is calculated from the proportion of the Actual Work field to the (planned) Work field. The Actual Finish date is calculated from the Actual Start Date plus the (planned) Duration. So if both Actual Start and Finish dates need to be entered, adjust the Actual Start first, then change the Actual Finish date. Microsoft Project ignores the Current Date and Status date when calculating progress. | This explanation Assume the task is for two workers working together to build a stone wall with 5 rows of bricks in 150 minutes.
The first row (on the bottom) takes 20 minutes.
Both workers start at the same time.
But one of the workers leave after 60 minutes and the other completes the first three rows
75 minutes after they both started. Therefore, |
|
Earned Value Report CalculationsTo derive the BCWP (EV), MSProject multiplies the Physical % Complete (P%C) value by the baseline BCWS (PV). This is if in Tools > Options > Calculation > Earned Value... button > Default task Earned Value method is set to "Physical % Complete". This is reflected in the "Earned Value Method" column. By default, P%C does not roll up to the summary task. |
|
Cost Fields
To record the effect of each change analysis, insted of extending existing tasks and creating lags or constraints, add new tasks to show delays or scope changes. |
|
Visual ReportsThe Reports > Visual Reports new in 2007 are Excel Pivot charts: Baseline Cost Report and Baseline Work Report Budget Cost Report and Budget Work Report Cash Flow Report (Cost bars and Cumulative Cost line) Earned Value Over Time Report of Earned Value, Planned Value, AC (Actual Cost) lines Resource Cost Summary Report (pie chart) Resource Remaining Work Report Resource Work Availability Report Resource Work Summary Report Click the "Save Data", then "Save Database" to create a .mdb (MS-Access database). |
|
ReportsClick on a link to see where each report is discussed:
|
|
Importing/Exporting with Data Maps
MSP has no menu item for "Import".
Open the file and the software figures out the format. MSP has no menu item/function for "Export". Select "Save As" and the file type. When you export a file, make sure you include in the file name the data map associated with that file. because when you import that file, you will need to provide that information. Reports created by "File > Save as Web Page" use a Map which is a template containing HTML formatting code. Microsoft Project 2003 (by default) stores such files in folder C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Templates\1033\Microsoft Project Web Map/Template Styles: Not all colors are defined for each of the 4 layout styles:
Personally, I don't like Microsoft's default designs. Download "Wilsons Basic MSProject Report Template.html" into that folder, then specify it as the "Base export on HTML template" on:
Each template file contain comment tags which are replaced during report creation. First comes the project attributes at the top of the page: When you click the "Finish" button, MSProject adds values to the right of the comment rather than replace the comment. This means that you can't place the comment tags in the <TITLE> tag. Then comes 3 sets of 2 sections:
I haven't figured out a way to change the font within tables, because MSProject replaces each table comment tag with a complete table. If you know, can you please email me? Thanks. |
|
|
Default Selective Data MapsThe default field configuration (and my preferred columns) for 11 default maps which comes with the package are described in the next section:
|
|
Certification Topics
|
|
Installing Project
|
Managing With Microsoft Project 2002 (Roseville, Calif: Premier Press, 2002) by Lisa Bucki & Gary Chefetz (who also wrote the book on Project Server) Managing Projects With Microsoft Project 2000 (Wiley eBook, 2001) by Gwen Lowery and Teresa S. Stover Complete Idiot's Guide to Project Management with Microsoft Project 2003 by Ron Black provides a great overview of this project in the context of its use. It's updated from the 2000 version
|
|
Automating Project Using VBABefore 2007, VBA macros provided automation. Projects created with Microsoft Projects 2007 can be controlled by C# and VB.NET programming language code developed using Visual Studio 2008 with the VSTO (Visual Studio Tools for Office) 3.0 add-in framework. These are run as managed code by the .NET 3.5 run-time. Such code references MSProject.Project as the main object, the primary interop assembly for Microsoft Office Project 2007, but this primary interop assembly is not installed. Project 2007: Managed Code Add-in for Importing Tasks from Excel
InfoPath form templates are created as a .xsn file. Workgroup MessagingRun WGSETUP.EXE to install openmail.exe and Olemenu.dll to work with a 32-bit MAPI compliant e-mail client. |
Download the Microsoft Project 2007 SDK Download the Microsoft Project 2003 SDK Download the Microsoft Project Server 2003 View Backup and Download Tool Download the Microsoft Project Server 2007 SDK VBA Programming for Microsoft Office Project (Versions 98 through 2007) (2006) by Rod Gill is the ONLY BOOK for Microsoft Project VBA programmers. [Publisher site] |
|
Project Server
MS Project Server enables Enterprise Project Management (EPM) of a work portfolio of projects (using its Project Portfolio Server). PWA (Microsoft Project Web Access) provides internet access to the repository managed by Project Server software. Project Server 2007 makes use of Microsoft SQL Server 2005 and Analysis Services 2005. Project Server 2007 works on Microsoft SharePoint Web applications project workspace using Alternate Authentication. PWA users require a Project Server Client Access License (CAL), Microsoft SQL Server CAL, and (if using the capabilities of Windows SharePoint Services) a Windows Server CAL. Sample data can be generated by invoking SUPPORT/SAMPCFG.EXE in the Project Server 2003 installation CD. The Project Server can be hosted externally (as an extranet) at companies such as:
Project Data Service Reference for Microsoft Office Project Server 2003 lists:
Project Data Service (PDS) for Microsoft Office Project Server 2003 (Sep 2004) by Jim Corbin Project Data Service SDK and Methods Reference (pj11SDK2003.exe) for developing applications and components that access Project Server 2003 portfolio data. At projectability.co.uk, Dominic Moss, a Microsoft Project trainer, provides a Project Checklist and a few downloads. At projectsteps.blogspot.com, Stephen Seay of Sarasota, Florida, | Installing Project Server 2007
Project Server Blogs These sites by MVPs (Microsoft Valued Professionals) on Project, Gary Chefetz & Dale Howard self-published through their ms project experts.com two books on Enterprise Project Management:
Administering an Enterprise PMO using Microsoft Office Project Server 2003 (Soho Corp, Oct 2004) Implementing Enterprise Portfolio Management with Microsoft Project Server 2002 claims to be the "only English language book on Project Server," ... except for these FREE guides on Microsoft Office Project Server 2003 from Microsoft (dated 8/24/2004):
Disaster Recovery Guide "provides guidelines for developing a disaster prevention and recovery strategy for computers running Microsoft Office Project Server 2003. Single Computer Installation Guide is designed to assist you in installing Microsoft® Office Project Server 2003 in a single computer environment. It provides a comprehensive step-by-step guide to the tasks involved in installing each component as well as an installation checklist that you can use to efficiently track the status of each required task. Small-Scale Installation Guide Medium-Scale Installation Guide Application Configuration Guide "outlines what you need to know about configuring the Enterprise Global Template and populating the Enterprise Resource Pool. Administrator's Guide "provides information about managing users, managing security (categories and templates), managing views, and configuring Project Server settings for your organization. |
|
Product Upgrade History
Clippy Must DieEarlier version of Project included an annoying cartoon character. This is until Bill Gates himself realized how ridiculous it was.To remove it, expand Office Tools, Office Assistant, Clippit, select "Installed on First Use". If you encounter the beast, right click on it, select Options, and uncheck "Use the Office Assistant".
No Downward CompatibilityMicrosoft Project software has long maintained a tradition of moving forward (and not backward) with advances in technology.Download this Visio 2000 file. |
|
|
|
Resources: Help on Project
Microsoft's Solution Providers include Certiport Certified software and books by Shelly Cashman.
|
|
Related Topics:
Keyboard Shortcuts
Project Software
Project Central
| Your first name: Your family name: Your location (city, country): Your Email address: |
Top of Page
Thank you! |