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Reload this page SAP R/3 User, Data, and Server Administration

Here are concise yet in-depth tips and explanations about administering (starting, stopping, updating, etc.) SAP Servers quickly and reliably.

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SAP GUI Emulation for Load Testing
SAP R/3 ABAP Programming
SAP NetWeaver Portal Programming

 

Topics this page:

  • Curriculum
  • Starting/Stopping Servers
  • Your comments???
  •  

    Site Map List all pages on this site 
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    * SAP's Glossary,
    * help.sap.com
    * SAP Developer Network

    Set screen Curriculum

      1. SAP Web AS Fundamentals (++)
        1. SAP Solution Offering
        2. Navigation
        3. SAP System Architecture
        4. Enterprise Services Architecture
        5. SAP NetWeaver, Overview
      2. SAP Web AS Administration I (+++)
        1. Starting and Stopping SAP systems
        2. Configuring SAP Web AS ABAP
        3. Configuring SAP Help (Documentation)
        4. Archiving SAP Data
        5. User Management in SAP Web AS ABAP
        6. Configuring Remote Connections
        7. Patching SAP Web AS ABAP
        8. Scheduling Background Jobs
        9. Setting up Printers of types C, L, S, U and F, planning a spool environment
        10. Monitoring SAP Systems
        11. Introduction to Structured Error Analysis
        12. Introduction to System Security
      3. SAP Web AS Administration II (++)
        1. Technology Components for Browser-based User Interfaces
        2. Configuring Central User Administration
        3. Using LDAP to integrate Directory Servers with SAP Systems
      4. SAP Web AS Java Administration (+++)
        1. Java Basics (non-programming topics)
        2. Starting and Stopping SAP Web AS Java
        3. Configuring SAP Web AS Java
        4. User Management in SAP Web AS Java
        5. Patching SAP Web AS Java
        6. Software Logistics for SAP Web AS Java
        7. Monitoring SAP Web AS Java
      5. SAP System Installation (+)
        1. Installation Planning
        2. Installation Preparation
        3. Installing SAP GUI
        4. Installation Process
        5. Post-Installation Activities
        6. Patching the Kernel
        7. Unicode Conversion
        8. Troubleshooting Installation Problems
      6. Software Logistics (++)
        1. SAP System Architecture from a Software Logistics point of view
        2. TMS and Extended Transport Control
        3. Customizing and Development in ABAP
        4. Transporting changes in ABAP
        5. Client Tools
        6. Note Assistant
        7. Introduction to Upgrade Technology
      7. Workload Analysis (++)
        1. Components of a Dialog Step
        2. Workload Analysis Monitors
        3. SAP Memory Management
        4. Verifying the Hardware Capacity (Sizing)
        5. Analysing Expensive SQL Statements
        6. SAP Table Buffering
        7. RFC Monitoring
     

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    Set screen Starting and Stopping Servers

      The SAP kernel's executable files are in directories “/sapmnt/SID/exe” and “/usr/sap/_<SID>/SYS/exe/run”.

     

      ...


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    Set screen Listing, Adding, Deleting Users

      To list users last login, invoke report RSUSR006.

      To check passwords of users SAP* and DDIC in all clients, invoke RSUSR003

     

      ...


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    Set screen Listing, Adding, Deleting Users

      To list users last login, invoke report RSUSR006.

      To check passwords of users SAP* and DDIC in all clients, invoke RSUSR003

     

      ...


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    Set screen SAP Transaction Codes

      One of the unique features of the SAP GUI is that (like IBM IMF applications which SAP's founders worked on), rather than click through menus, end users have the option of directly invoking specific processing by entering transaction codes (Tcodes) in the command field.

      Entering "/n" before a transaction code exits the current R/3 screen and displays the initial screen of the Transaction specified.

      Entering "/o" before a transaction code sends the current user session to the background and creates a new user session to display the initial screen of the Transaction specified

      Within batch input sessions:

      /n Skip to the next record if you are processing one batch input session
      /o Generate a session list
      /bend Cancel a batch input foreground process
      /nend Close all R/3 sessions and logoff
      /nxxxx Call transaction xxxx in the same session
      /oxxxx Call transaction xxxx in an additional session
      /i Delete the current session
      /h Turn debug mode on
      /$tab Reset all buffers (by System Administrators only)
      /$syn c Synchronize instance buffers (by System Administrators only)


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    Set screen SAP Data Transactions

      Object TSTC Menu Path Items
      ABAP Dictionary SEU - R/3 Repository Browser
      SE12 - Display ABAP Dictionary
      SE11 - Maintain ABAP Dictionary
      SE14 - Utilities for ABAP Dictionary tables
      SE15 - ABAP Repository information system
      Profiles & Parameters STMS - Transport Management System
      TU02 - Parameter changes—display active parameters and a history of changes
      RZ10 - Maintain profile parameters (by profile)
      RZ11 System > Utilities > Runtime analysis > Execute Maintain profile parameters (by parameter). R/3 needs the R/3 profile parameters abap/atrapath and abap/atrasizequota activated when the R/3 System is installed.
      SM63 - Display or maintain operating modes
      SNRO - Maintain number range objects.
      SM56 - Reset or check the number range buffer
      Jobs DB13 - DBA Planning Calendar
      RZ01 - Job Scheduling Monitor
      SM37 - Background Job Overview
      SM39 - Job Analysis
      SM65 - Execute tests to analyze background processing
      Users SM51 - List defined SAP Users
      SM04 - user overview
      AL08 - Global user overview - Number of users logged onto SAP.
      SMLG - Maintain logon groups
      Directories AL11 - Display SAP directories
      AL18 - Local filesystem monitor (equivalent to Unix df -k|more)
      Documents ST14 - Application analysis—statistics relating to business document volume
      - BALE - ALE administration and monitoring
      Alerts RZ08 - SAP Alert Monitor

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    Set screen Performance-Related Transactions by System Layer

      SAP’s EarlyWatch™ online diagnosis and analysis service provides a performance report based on over 100 screens available from SAPGUI and other utilities (SAPDBA utility no longer available on SAP 6.40).

      This table repeats what is shown by specifying a SAP Transaction code or a one of these menu paths:

      • Tools > Administration > Monitor > Performance (abbreviated as "TAMP >")
      • Tools > CCMS > Control/Monitoring > Performance menu

      Layer TSTC Menu Path Items
      Network ST08 - Network Monitor
      ST09 - Network Alert Monitor
      SM58 - Asynchronous RFC error log
      Requests SM13 - Display update requests and resolve errors
      SM59 - Display or maintain RFC destinations
      Instances RZ02 - Network graphics for R/3 instances
      RZ04 - Maintain R/3 instances
      Servers SM51 - List of servers
      RZ03 - Control Panel for operation modes and server status
      OS SM02 - Display SAP System Messages
      SM21 - System Log
      SM69 - Maintain external operating-system commands
      SM49 - Execute external operating-system commands.
      ST06 TAMP > Operating System > Local Operating System Monitor reports load on the CPU and the physical main memory. (such as what is reported by Unix command lsattr -E1 sys0).
      ST07 TAMP > Operating System > Remote Application Monitor reports load on the CPU and the physical main memory by application.
      App Server ST02 TAMP > Setups/Buffers R/3 Memory Configuration Monitor (also known as the function Setups & Tune Buffers). Its Tune Summary reports load on R/3 buffers and other memory areas. Buffer hit ratio = Buffer object reads / logical requests. poor Buffer Quality = saved database calls / (database calls + saved database calls)
      STAT - Single statistics records on the application server.
      Work Processes SM66 CCMS > Control/monitoring > Work process overview or
      TAMP > Exceptions/Users > Active users > All processes.
      Systemwide Work Process Overview
      SM50 TAMP > System monitoring > Services > Process Overview Local work process load (CPU utilization).
      Shows the currently executing WPs on a dialog instance.
      ST03 Workload distribution Monitor A technical analysis uses this monitor to identify and analyze problems in the database, R/3 memory management, or R/3 buffers.
      An application analysis uses this monitor to identify and analyze transactions, programs, and users that place a heavy load on the system.
      DB AL02 - Oracle Database Monitor
      ST04 CCMS screen that displays Oracle database activity. Database Performance Monitor displays load on the database buffers, database locks, wait situations, read and write access to hard disks, and SQL statements.
      DB02 CCMS > Control/Monitoring > Performance Menu > Database > Tables/Indexes > Database Allocation > Detail Analysis (consistency check) Analyze tables and indexes (missing database objects and space requirements). Database Performance:Database Allocation monitor, Check Table Within SQL Server, the DBCC CHECKDB command locks user tables, indexes and system tables when running. It is very I/O intensive and should therefore not be run during normal operation, but at times when the system load is low. For more information, see SAP Note 142731 DBCC Checks of SQL Server.
      DB12 CCMS > DB Administration > Backup logs > CCMS Monitoring Tool > Backup history > Logs Backup. Overview of backup logs (DBA protocols). In Backup Restore Information list, find the largest transaction log backup. Select a row and then History info to find the number of pages backed-up. Calculate how much free space is left on the transaction log disk by subtracting the amount of space used in the transaction log is the number of dumped pages, multiplied by 8 KB. The SAP log file is initially created with a default size of 1 GB, with the smallest disk normally 9 GB.
      DB Tables AL12 - Display table buffer (buffer synchronization)
      DB05 - Table analysis
      DB20 - Generate tables statistics
      ST10 TAMP > Setup/Buffers > Calls Table Access Statistics
      SE16 - Data Browser for displaying table contents.
      SM31 - SAP Table Maintenance
      SE13 STUN > Setup/Buffers > Buffers > Goto > Current local data > Table buffers > Single record To specify whether or not a table should be buffered.
      DB SQL ST05 System > Utilities > SQL Trace Start, stop, or view SQL Traceanother page on this site enqueue trace, or RFC trace within ABAP programs for detailed analysis.
      ST11 - Display developer traces.
      SE30 - ABAP Traceanother page on this site
      ST22 - ABAP runtime error analysis and dump listings
      ST01 - R/3 System trace
      Locks & Enqueues SM01 - Lock Transactions
      SM12 - Display and delete R/3 enqueues

      SMLG provides average response times of the overall system.

      ST03N provides response times.

      The preferred method of navigation for the experienced SAPGUI user is to retrieve screens by name (TSTC code) rather than through the series of pull-down windows because the screen names do not change between releases of SAP, but the structure of the pull-down menu path changes frequently as SAP is upgraded.


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    Set screen Utilities

      dpmon pf=instance profile
      displays parts of the system without login.


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    Set screen System Maintenance Jobs

      Job Description
      RSBTCDEL Clean the old background job records
      RSDBCREO Clean batch input session log
      RSPO0041 Removing old spooling objects
      RSSNAPDL Clean the old ABAP error dumps

      In the future, I hope to provide timings of these jobs.


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    Set screen Manage Patches

      Patches and transports are managed using transaction SM31 to modify table PAT03.

      Under user <SysID>adm, run the command "r3trans.exe -u".

      Return Code Explanation
      0 Successful
      4 Warnings occurred
      8 Errors occurred
      12 Fatal errors occurred
      16 Internal errors occurred


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    Set screen Table Maintenance

      To copy tables across clients, invoke RSCLTCOP

      To make table adjustments across clients, RSAVGL00

      To invoke the Substitution/Validation utility, invoke RGUGBR00

      To transport SAPscript files across systems, RSTXSCRP

      To release batch-input sessions automaticlly. RSBDCSUB

      In the future, I hope to provide timings of these jobs.


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